When children come to school ,the teachers should expect children with impartial to severe physical and other forms of disabilities. In an inclusive education ,social learning and socialisation, teachers should know the difficulties which can come with different categories of children. Despite the handicap ,it is the teacher's mandate to devise suitable ways to assist any child to cope with learning ability as simple as possible.
Disabled children must take part in all the activities like all other children ,for example in field trips,scouting ,games ,sports ,creative dance and music. Those pupils with difficulties in walking for example make have provisions of games played when seated in areas like chase ,quizword ,cross-word puzzle or jigsaw puzzle.
Disabled children must be paired with other children who help them in the learning activities like field trips,scouting where the partially blind child paired with another child with good sight.They also contribute well in small groups ,so teachers must encourage children to work in groups .The able children can also learn the spirit of interacting with disabled children in any social functions. Hence the children can fully develop the sense of learn and live with the handicap children right from their childhood and accept them for what they are. This is good for any socialisation because society ceases to be normal with out disabled people.
Teachers must realise what interests disabled children and develop lessons around their interests. This will draw their attention and keep them motivated to actively involved in learning.For example because of feelings of distress many disabled children enjoy moral choral music,so teacher can plan and organise children into activities around musical background and story telling.And they should plan lessons so that it becomes child -centred . The actively invoving learners in their own learning through their efforts and initiative will make them learn effectively ,provided also the teacher make provisions of suitable stimulation. Make use of various teaching aids and rewarding pupils by praising them for their achievements in learning .This will help them repeat what they have learned.
Children must express themselves through art in exploring different drawing skills and other artistic activities,do physical exercise so that they develop a sense of being staying fit and given opportunities to develop ideas they can utilise during their free time. Children must be taught aquatic skills as a measure to help them to survive when involved in water accidents.Especially in rural areas where they usually used to cross the rivers flooded.
When teaching disabled children .These children because of their difference in difficulties ,teachers should effectively make use of voice,writing on the board,gestures,facial expressions ,pictures ,drawings ,models ,films or any other aids so that the disabled children can use their senses in learning. One of these methods can be more successful with some children than with other methods .Hence the teacher should try to use all to conclude which one is the most effective.This easily breaks monotony ,boredom and lack of attention. The teacher should notice how restless children become when talking for too long in just a single lesson.
In the case of many disabled children for the staff to cope with . The school head should request another specialised helper. The helper assists the disabled children and also the teacher on technical ways of helping the disabled child. In some developing countries there are challenges in finding the helpers,however there are so many organisations which can help the school locate volunteers to help such children in learning. Helpers are useful in giving children and extra help in need ,thereby relieving the teacher during those times. In other serious situations ,if children taught to help the disabled people can assume the role of a helper.For example can help them in reading or calculation or helping them other skills which may involve walking or proper dressing.
The teacher should emphasize practical learning so that learners can acquire their skills required in the society. Theory and practice must be in harmony to ensure meaningful learning and simple. The main emphasis should be on skills to empower learners for their daily lives and activities which is helpful in their traditional life ,for instance conserving the resources ,such as keeping our environment clean,conservation farming,awareness of balanced diet ,avoid traffic accidents, etc.
Every child need friends to have a sense of security . The school environment should promote an environment where children have friendships with disabled children and have love offer help needed by disabled child like feeding and moving him/her. However the friendships must not over protect the disabled ,as it impedes the development of necessary skills leading to self -reliance .Over protection has detrimental impacts to disabled as shall lose that friend in one situation or another leading to misery ,inferiority as grown to depend on other people .Children can developed to have awareness of disability through strory-telling or can do role plays which help to develop attitudes towards the disabled children.
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